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Männik et al., 2015a

Männik, P., Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Nõlvak, J. 2015. Integrated Upper Ordovician–lower Silurian biostratigraphy of the Grötlingbo-1 core section, Sweden. GFF 137 (3), 226-244. | DOI | DETAILS

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ID4499
ReferenceMännik et al., 2015a
AuthorMännik, P., Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Nõlvak, J.
Year2015
TitleIntegrated Upper Ordovician–lower Silurian biostratigraphy of the Grötlingbo-1 core section, Sweden
JournalGFF
Volume137
Number3
pgs.226-244
Source typearticle in journal
LanguageEnglish
DOI10.1080/11035897.2015.1042032
Abstract

The biostratigraphical data obtained from the Grötlingbo-1 core section (southern Gotland, Sweden) enable recognition of most of the regional stages known from the Sandbian (Upper Ordovician) to lower Sheinwoodian (Wenlock, Silurian) interval in the East Baltic. The strata corresponding to the Upper Ordovician Keila–Nabala stages have markedly reduced thicknesses in the Grötlingbo-1 core section. Gaps of considerable duration were recognised in some parts of the section: lithological evidence suggest that only lower part of the Pirgu Stage (corresponds to all or part of the Jonstorp Formation) is represented in the section; in the Llandovery, strata corresponding to the Aspelundia? fluegeli and Distomodus staurognathoides Conodont Zones (CZs), and to the Pterospathodus eopennatus CZ (equivalent to the Conochitina alargada and Eisenackitina dolioliformis Chitinozoan Zones (CtZs)) are missing. Graptolites from the core indicate that the sedimentary record above the Aeronian to middle Telychian gap recommences in the lower part of the Oktavites spiralis Graptolite Zone (GZ). Co-occurrences of conodonts, graptolites and chitinozoans agree with earlier data suggesting correlation between the lower boundaries of the Cyrtograptus lapworthi GZ and Pterospathodus amorphognathoides amorphognathoides CZ, and between the lower and middle parts of the Ireviken Event and the upper Cyrtograptus murchisoni GZ.


Sections studied or mentioned

Localitypgs.Figs.Remarks
Grötlingbo 1 borehole, GotlandOrdovician-Silurian chitinozoans, conodonts and graptolites

Photos

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<i><i>Armoricochitina reticulifera</i></i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.30 m, Nabala Stage (688-5) <i><i>Belonechitina aspera</i></i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 389.88 m, Juuru Stage (688-26) <i><i>Conochitina emmastensis</i></i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 379.60 m, Adavere Stage (688-36) <i><i>Cyathochitina campanulaeformis</i></i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-11) <i><i>Ancyrochitina mullinsi</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 377.28 m, Adavere Stage (688-38) <i><i>Ancyrochitina porrectaspina</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 367.25 m, Adavere Stage (688-43) <i><i>Angochitina capillata</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-21) <i><i>Angochitina longicollis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 380.35 m, Adavere Stage (688-31) <i><i>Anthochitina primula</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 358.80 m, Adavere Stage (688-45) <i><i>Belonechitina cactacea</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-22) <i><i>Belonechitina micracantha</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 432.90 m, Haljala Stage (688-19) <i><i>Belonechitina postrobusta</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 389.88 m, Juuru Stage (688-25) <i><i>Belonechitina villosa</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 424.60 m, Oandu Stage (688-20) <i><i>Bursachitina conica</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 348.38 m, Adavere Stage (688-49) <i><i>Bursachitina nestorae</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 348.38 m, Adavere Stage (688-35) <i><i>Conochitina acuminata</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 349.16 m, Adavere Stage (688-47) <i><i>Conochitina flamma</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 349.16 m, Adavere Stage (688-48) <i><i>Conochitina iklaensis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 386.17 m, Raikküla Stage (688-28) <i><i>Conochitina leptosoma</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 372.40 m, Adavere Stage (688-34) <i><i>Conochitina leviscapulae</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 358.80 m, Adavere Stage (688-44) <i><i>Conochitina proboscifera</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 372.40 m, Adavere Stage (688-39) <i><i>Conochitina visbyensis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 379.60 m, Adavere Stage (688-37) <i><i>Cyathochitina angusta</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-7) <i><i>Cyathochitina calix</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 386.17 m, Raikküla Stage (688-27) <i><i>Cyathochitina campanulaeformis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-1) <i><i>Cyathochitina campanulaeformis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-2) <i><i>Cyathochitina campanulaeformis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 395.75 m, Juuru Stage (688-24) <i><i>Cyathochitina giraffa</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 432.90 m, Haljala Stage (688-16) <i><i>Cyathochitina kuckersiana</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-17) <i><i>Cyathochitina patagiata</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-10) <i><i>Eisenackitina causiata</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 379.60 m, Adavere Stage (688-32) <i><i>Eisenackitina dolioliformis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 372.40 m, Adavere Stage (688-41) <i><i>Margachitina margaritana</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 372.40 m, Adavere Stage (688-40) <i><i>Plectochitina magna</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 347.65 m, Adavere Stage (688-53) <i><i>Plectochitina pachyderma</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 358.80 m, Adavere Stage (688-46) <i><i>Ramochitina nestorae</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 345.45 m, Jaani Stage (688-54) <i><i>Ramochitina ruhnuensis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 357.75 m, Adavere Stage (688-42) <i><i>Spinachitina cervicornis</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 424.60 m, Oandu Stage (688-14) <i><i>Spinachitina maennili</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 386.17 m, Raikküla Stage (688-29) <i><i>Spinachitina multiradiata</i> | </i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 424.60 m, Oandu Stage (688-13) <i><i>Armoricochitina</i> | Armoricochitina cf. reticulifera (Grahn)</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-4) <i><i>Chitinozoa</i> | Armoricochitina? sp.</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.30 m, Nabala Stage (688-6) <i><i>Belonechitina</i> | Belonechitina sp. aff. robusta (Eisenack)</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 424.60 m, Oandu Stage (688-23) <i><i>Belonechitina</i> | Belonechitina sp. aff. robusta (Eisenack)</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 424.60 m, Oandu Stage (688-23) <i><i>Chitinozoa</i> | Belonechitina? sp.</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 348.38 m, Adavere Stage (688-51) <i><i>Bursachitina</i> | Bursachitina cf. nana (Nestor)</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 347.65 m, Adavere Stage (688-52) <i><i>Conochitina</i> | Conochitina aff. tuba Eisenack</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 340.23 m, Jaani Stage (688-55) <i><i>Conochitina</i> | Conochitina cf. elongata Taugourdeau</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 383.85 m, Raikküla Stage (688-30) <i><i>Conochitina</i> | Conochitina sp.</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 348.38 m, Adavere Stage (688-50) <i><i>Cyathochitina</i> | Cyathochitina cf. angusta</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-9) <i><i>Cyathochitina</i> | Cyathochitina cf. angusta</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.87 m, Rakvere Stage (688-8) <i><i>Cyathochitina</i> | Cyathochitina cf. campanulaeformis</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-12) <i><i>Cyathochitina</i> | Cyathochitina cf. giraffa Grahn & Nõlvak</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 432.90 m, Haljala Stage (688-15) <i><i>Cyathochitina</i> | Cyathochitina cf. patagiata Jenkins</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-3) <i><i>Rhabdochitina</i> | Rhabdochitina sp.</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 380.35 m, Adavere Stage (688-33) <i><i>Rhabdochitina</i> | Rhabdochitina sp. 1</i><br />Grötlingbo 1 borehole, Gotland, 421.60 m, Nabala Stage (688-18)